It is the study of the materials that make up our bodies and everything in the world around us. Anaphylaxis. Texture – Describes how the surface of a substance feels (its roughness, softness, or smoothness). Calorimetry may be used to find the heat of reaction of two compounds or the heat of combustion of a compound, for example. In addition, you should practice using and identifying many of these structures, particularly when it comes to real drug examples. In analytical chemistry, quantitative analysis is the determination of the concentration of a substance in a sample. The functional group that contains the electron-deficient hydrogen covalently bonded to an electronegative atom. Usually in chemistry the term is used to describe a pair of molecules that have the same formulas, but form a pair of structures. A unit of measurement for temperature. In synthetic organic chemistry, is a problem-solving technique used to transform a typically more complex target molecule into simpler, commercially available precursor structures. In chemical terms; expression of the proportional relationship between response and concentration over a defined range. We know that the carbon needs to have four bonds, so the oxygen is also connected to the carbon. Chemistry: terms used in chemistry: acid, alcohol, alkali, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal | Collins English Word Lists In chemical synthesis, yield refers to the amount of product obtained at the end of a chemical reaction. For the equivalent clinical pharmacology glossary, check out the following link: Common Terms in Pharmacology. 7. The following list explores some of the most common terminology employed in the language of medicinal chemistry. Drug design technique used to restrict free rotation about rotatable bonds. Can be used to inhibit an enzyme, Ultraviolet–visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The first half of this extensive medicinal chemistry glossary will focus on some of the most important nomenclature that one comes across when studying medicinal chemistry. Short for Food and Drug Administration, an agency in the USA that is responsible for regulating vaccines, cosmetics, legal drugs, and food products. Lipid. A List of Chemistry Laboratory Apparatus and Their Uses. Stoichiometry: The branch of chemistry that deals with the measurement of the quantities of reactants and products of a chemical reaction is called stoichiometry. Covering structural features such as functional groups, cyclic aliphatic compounds, and heterocycles found in organic compounds that are used as drugs – this medicinal chemistry glossary is the complete resource for your studies. Refers to experiments and/or studies performed with isolated macromolecules, cells, or tissue samples. In lay terms, often referred to as a "test." In molecular modelling, docking refers to the process by which molecules fit into a binding site. https://schoolworkhelper.net/general-chemistry-key-terms-definitions/, Titration Lab: NaOH with Standardized solution of KHP, Reaction rate of Hydrochloric Acid and Limestone: Experiment Results, Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Lab Answers, Hydrogen Peroxide Breakdown in Liver vs. An official documentation which details the analytical procedures, effects and directions of use of medicinal substances. Chemistry definition is - a science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of substances and with the transformations that they undergo. Period – A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table; for example, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, and argon make up period 3 of the periodic table. Inorganic chemistry: It is branch of chemistry dealing with the element and their compounds, excluding the more complex carbon compounds. 25. Me-too drugs are often developed by rival pharmaceutical companies in order to gain a foothold in the same area of the market. Regions in a drug target where an endogenous ligand or drug can bind. Atom – the smallest unit of an element that displays the same properties as the element, for example, hydrogen. Can you point out the key structural features and functional groups of paclitaxel? SAR studies explore the relationship between a molecule’s biological activity and the three dimensional structure of the molecule. 19. In pharmacology, antagonists are receptor ligands that bind to receptors without activating it. The functional group that contains the electron-rich heteroatom and is the recipient of the hydrogen bond. The active principle is the compound(s) in the mixture that is responsible for that mixture’s biological activity. In most labs, you'll encounter the same basic apparatus. With enough practice, naming and pointing out the structural features and functional groups of molecules becomes second nature in medicinal chemistry. Although it may seem like a daunting task, it is not difficult to point out and name the main features of paclitaxel. A description of the main molecular features necessary for biological activity and their relative positions in space. NIST and the Nobel: Dan Shechtman. In simple terms, it is the study of what the drug does to the body. The process by which solvent molecules disassociate from a species in solution. Family – A vertical column of elements in the periodic table also known as a group. 2500 pages of free content are available only online. Cite this article as: William Anderson (Schoolworkhelper Editorial Team), "General Chemistry: Key Terms & Definitions," in. Decomposition – A kind of reactivity that can break down a substance into its parts; for example, water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen by decomposition. Molecule – A type of particle that is made up of two or more atoms bonded together; carbon monoxide is an example of a molecule. Chemical symbol – A short form used to represent the name of an element; C is the chemical symbol for carbon. Drugs that are structurally related to existing drugs. Large collections of synthesised compounds generated through combinatorial chemistry. Acid. calorimetry - Calorimetry is the study of heat flow. Severe allergic reaction that can cause intensely itchy welts (hives) on the skin, low blood pressure, and difficulty breathing. A group of symptoms associated with sudden decrease of or cessation of intake of drugs. 1. students – all of whom vouch for the high-quality learning materials. 12. Pharmacokinetics involves the study of a compound’s ADME properties. Proteins which ligands can bind to and elicit a biological response. For finals. Interactions that occur between molecules. A compound that is structurally related to another. Conductivity – Describes how easily a substance lets heat or electricity move through it. Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. A chemical entity that contains both anionic and cationic groups. 23. The use of simpler analogues eases synthesis. The number of ligand donor atoms to which the metal is directly bound is the coordination number (CN) of the metal ion in the complex. This next section of our comprehensive medicinal chemistry glossary will show some (and by no means all) of the names and the structures of functional groups, cyclic aliphatic rings, organoheteroatoms, and heterocycles. List of Chemistry Terms You can browse Chemistry Dictionary by using the A-Z listing below. Sometimes referred to as the minimum structure required to elicit a biological response. Receive all the latest facts direct to your email. How to use chemistry in a sentence. A measurement is considered accurate if it is judged to be close to the true value. Nucleus – In chemistry, the charged center of an atom; contains the atoms protons and neutrons. In analytical chemistry, quantitative analysis is the determination of the presence or absence of a substance in a sample. Drug design techniques employed on lead compounds to improve pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Key Concepts: Terms in this set (209) Accurate. In simple terms, it is the study of what the body does to the drug. A lipid is a water insoluble substance and is the name of a large class of structurally and functionally diverse molecules. If you would like to explore related articles in this area, check out the following link for more. Tutor and Freelance Writer. Physical property – The way matter looks, feels, smells or tastes; one physical property of gold is its lustre. 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