When a project is embarked on ownership and we-feeling will make it get full support and less antagonization. Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? Read Also:Importance of Journalism in Nigeria. Instead of designing a government that should unite the different elements in Nigeria, the colonialists fully adopted federal stem of government in 1954 and created greater regional autonomy. This resulted in the loss of many lives. Many of them are similar, but there are also several which are not. so that you can track your progress. +roiF9_? AK ku nh4P9\ }}31Ik "V mk@G~ . "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." Because this structure of government looks at cooperation and sharing as its primary structure, there is an opportunity to try a different set of policies to see how they will work. It is also promotes regional inequalities. The case for federalism in Nigeria has been to accommodate and manage diversity while taking economic advantage of its sheer size and population to promote development. This process can create positive or negative results. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. They will then have special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria are listed and explicated herein. 2.D - Advantages to Federalism. Although three major tribes (Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo) have been selected as the main Nigerian languages, the need to avoid drowning the voices of the minority groups in the stream of the major groups is both glaring and necessary for peace to reign. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. The Evolution of Nigerian Federalism Nigeria is, one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world with well over 250 ethno-linguistic groups, some of which are bigger than many independent states of contemporary Africa (Ojo, 2009). Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. Instead of mandating that everyone follows the same set of laws, this system allows each community to create a foundation that works the best for their needs. This normally causes disintegration and internal conflicts among different states (Dye, 114). This form of government will also make it challenging for a single branch of government to obtain complete control over the structure. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. 6. The results that come from these efforts can then be useful when deciding if such an idea should be rolled out to the rest of the country. (2019, November 23). Importance of federalism. 2 Top 5 Advantages Of Federalism. Federalism allows local governments to fight the national governments. The competitive federalism model is a theoretical construct advanced by Thus, federalism seemed to be the only option left for Nigeria because it allows for popular participation in government. Thus, it is often said that only rich countries can afford it. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. Why indirect rule succeeded in Northern Nigeria, SEE REASONS HERE. the country. Hawaii made it against the law to place a coin in your ear. A recent example in the United States of this advantage is the requirement to drug test working adults who receive welfare benefits. The regional government had power over matters that are listed under the residual list. What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. If you go to Colorado, then it is illegal to keep a couch on your porch. I love this article,very educating and interesting ##### 483. They can formulate policies which might be detrimental to other regions. BREAKING: Finally, Fayose former Ekiti state governor resigns from PDP, Jordan Nyesom: Wikes Son Was Shot Dead in US? New York: Pearson/PH, 2009. All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. Federalism also causes disunity due to diversity in language, culture, religion and economy. The Emergence of Nigeria as a political entity under colonial rule was not an easy affair. Excellent, thanks a lot f What is the role of a reference librarian? There are those who purchase goods in neighbouring state to escape sales tax in a particular state. Resource control: History of federal system of government in nigeria 2.4 It Provides A Structure That Diffuses The Governmental Power. Nigeria are typically inclined to the derivation principle, which is the process of distributing centrally generated revenue to constituent units with regards to the contribution made by a group to the country's more 12substantial income. The desire to have war powers was also one of the reasons why national government power was increased since 1788. This has been the The pros and cons of federalism provide evidence that it is usually better for a society and nation if there is a system of power sharing available for the government. Here, both the majority and minority are represented in the government. The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. Description. In this article, i will comprehensively discuss the reasons for federalism in Nigeria. Federalism provides room for innovation and experimentation. Nigerian federalism can be traced back to 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated because, during this period, the powers of government were shared between the central government headed by the Governor-General and the governments of Southern protectorates and Northern protectorates. In conclusion, federalism has both advantages and disadvantages. The main task of the fiscal federalism is to raise and spend money. 1. $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Adobe d C Federalism promotes liberty and self-governance. In light of this, a constitution is said to be federal when its operates two levels of government, that is the federal and state, and each of this level exercise its different powers without interference by the other level. 1. limits the power of federal officials to determine local polices. Federalism is a type of government in which the sovereign authority of political power is usually divided between two units. Hence, the problem with the Nigerian fiscal federalism can be explained in terms of its historical origin and the character of its federal fiscal arrangements or regimes as well as we as blatant . The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. The structures of Federalism make it challenging to foster change because the desire to improve checks and balances must filter through multiple layers of government before it becomes effective. 7. Thus, federalism seemed to be the only option left for Nigeria because it allows for popular participation in government. Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria. There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. Central Versus Provincial 3 What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? In the EU, the members of the upper houses in the government are not elected or appointed, but they serve as delegates of their respective governments. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. In 1963 Midwestern region was created and Nigeria became a nation of four regions. 5. Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. By the time Nigeria became a republic, the system of federalism was adopted and the country was considered as a federation of three regions. It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. 1. Federalism encourages a system of cooperation. It has been suggested that the creation of more states and local government have helped in the distribution of national cake. On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. The first military head of state was dethroned for adopting unitary system of government yet successive military administration in practice follow unitary principle instead of federal system. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. THE BENEFITS OF FEDERALISM THE DRAWBACKS OF FEDERALISM Summary This process also requires a lawsuit, which clogs up the judicial system with even more matters to discuss. Senior Advocate of Nigeria, Dele Adeshina, does an in-depth analysis of Federalism in Nigeria, examining and comparing aspects of past Nigerian Constitutions from 1951 up to 1999, pointing out the . The full explanation of Nigeria's federalism. National decisions can sometimes compete with state decisions. Six particular advantages merit some discussion here: 8. 1. ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. 3 Advantages Of Federalism In The Philippines. That will help you to understand more about a rigid and written constitution. Your email address will not be published. This is why federalism is such a great advantage. The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. Another government might offer a significant tax break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another. By and large, it is the nature of the relationship of the federal and state governments that determines whether a state is federal or unitary. The federal system makes government more manageable. This is where the regional government steps in. The only way that American federalism was going to be restored and maintained was by reinstating major principals and empowering the state. Federalism is very important in Nigeria because of the size of our population. Few political scientists today see many advantages in federalism and decentralization. Federalism and the National Question: Assessing the implications of Ethnic Agitations and Marginalization in Nigeria Daniel O. Okorie Email: obinnadaniel31@gmail.com Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, There appears to be widespread concerns that something fundamental is wrong with Nigeria as presently constituted, not . Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. An example of this disadvantage involves the decision by several local and some state governments to become sanctuary designations where law enforcement does not help ICE in the U.S. with immigration detainment. Also see: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federal system of government in nigeria. One of the most significant examples of this issue involves the legalization of recreational cannabis. The local governments can decide to fight the existence of some specific national laws by going through the justice system of the country. If this structure was not available, then you would get cookie-cutter regulations that may not apply to some geographical areas. The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation.
! 1. It means that the sovereign unit (Centre) and local units . 7. IvyPanda. Federalism promotes unity: the system provides a united national government deal in matters such as finance, defence, regulation of business and foreign affairs. States shall make agreement on how to deal with common problems that they face. Federalism creates a protection against tyranny. The Attorney General sought to know whether the 13% sharing formula of the oil producing states should include revenue from oil producing states should include revenue from oil production activities off shore. Knowing who is responsible for specific issues can make it difficult for any aid to make it to its intended destination. (2019) 'Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages'. There are several pros and cons of federalism to consider when looking at it as a political system. It represents a synthetic between two perspectiveneess; one is that politics of the United States should produce the good commonwealth and the other is that the principal task of politics is to create an open political market. This means that the citizens always have political responsibility to both governments who also secure their rights in the country. Federalism was the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the leaders and the citizens and that was why federalism was adopted into the Nigerian political system. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Needs/Reasons For The Adoption Of Federalism In Nigeria From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. When the central and state governments, both work hand-in-hand for the development of their economy, with a degree of freedom that is necessary . Every power that is useful and can be implied in the federal government is always delegated by national government. What Countries Use Federalism? 2.5 It Encourages Innovation In Governing. For the United States, it is the wage and wealth gaps to consider. There are natural disasters, national welfare aid distributed to the states for authorization, public education resources, and many more benefits or circumstances where someone must navigate each level of government to find the results they want. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz /Length 14727 *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./. C Most of the democratic countries in the world today use this method of governing, including Australia, Canada, India, and the United States. This has nexus with the particular sharing formula adopted. Federalism provides a structure that diffuses governmental power . These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The Hausa Fulani and the Minorities feared the domination of political powers by the Igbos and Yorubas. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national . Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Live, Study and Work in Canada. The fear of marginalization by the minority in a unitary system of government has, to a great extent, influenced the majority state support for federating states. It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. The federal system initially was set up to serve the 13 original colonies and was able to maintain their own powers given by the powers vested in each colonies individual constitutions. Before the amalgamation of the Northern Protectorate and the Southern Protectorate in 1914, there was nothing like Nigeria. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. The exact structures of each system can vary widely based on how the country sets up its governing process. (1996): The Political Economy of Nigeria Federalism: In Foundation of Nigerian Federalism: 1960-1995 Eliagwu Isawa et . Pillars of democracy: 7 Essential pillars of democracy. 8. It was partially responsible for the division in the 1800s that eventually led to the Civil War. Federalism can create oppositional competition. 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