According to Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition, this text's central mantra, known as the Hare Krishna, or Mahā ("Great"), Mantra, was given in the 16th century to Chaitanya Mahaprabhu at his initiation in Gaya (though the Sanskrit mantra is absent from his biographies).[3]. [14], The Upanishad also states that in the Kali Yuga Narada was the creator or Kali-Karaka of all conflicts or undesirable acts. There is an interesting historical reason for this. [22], The "Hare Krishna" mantra received the attention of George Harrison and John Lennon of the Beatles,[23] and Harrison produced a 1969 recording of the mantra by devotees from the London Radha Krishna Temple. Kali Santarana Upanishad In the Kali-santarana Upanishad (1-11) (One of the 108 principal Upanishads), the maha-mantra is established as the only means of deliverance in Kali-yuga: hari om. [2], There are no rules and regulations to chant this maha-mantra ('great mantra'). It was popularized by one of the Bhakti movement leaders Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in the 16th century. As I discuss in this answer, the Hare Krishna mantra, popularized by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu and his Gaudiya Vaishnava followers (especially the organization ISKCON), originates from the Kali Santarana Upanishad, which you can read here. Watch Queue Queue The Hare Krishna maha-mantra is mentioned in various scriptures as the only means of deliverance in this age of Kali: Kali-santarana Upanishad: "After searching through all the Vedic literature, one cannot find a method of religion more sublime for this age than the chanting of Hare Krishna.” – For a discussion of this verse, see Chaitanya Charitamrita, Adi-lila 3.40, Purport . The modern era Kali-Santarana Upanishad is the earliest known Hindu text where this widely known mantra appears. [11], In Vaishnava etymology the word Hare refers to Hara (literally, captivating, carrying away), personifying goddess Radha who is the Shakti of Krishna ("nada shakti") or and remembers her as the one who stole the mind of Krishna. Hence, the story of the Hare Krishna Mahamantra and how it was created is described here. [16], From 16th-century onwards, in Gaudiya Vaishnavism, great importance has been given to public, vocal audible chanting or singing of the maha-mantra with the divine names of Hindu gods Krishna, Rama and goddess Radha (Hare). Das Hare Kṛṣṇa-Mantra, auch ehrfurchtsvoll als „Maha-Mantra“ („Großes Mantra“) bezeichnet, ist ein aus 16 Worten bestehendes Vaishnava-Mantra. This cite exactly supports what I've said, thank you. Rāma Rāma Hare Hare. [2] The modern era Kali-Santarana Upanishad is the earliest known Hindu text where this widely known mantra appears. [23] Kenneth Womack states that "Hare Krishna Mantra" became "a surprise number 12 hit" in Britain.[26]. The Hare Krishna mahamantra is a Vedic mantra, being a part of an Upanishad; This mantra is also the prescribed means of self-realization in the current age and so is meant to be chanted by everyone, including those who were not brahmins ; If the mantra was reversed, then it would no longer remain a Vedic mantra and so its chanting would not have to be restricted to brahmins. This mantra, presented in two lines, contains the words Hare, Rama and Krishna. The ancient sages declare that chanting this mantra is the way to eternal bliss in the difficult age of Kali. [15], The text has been influential on the Gaudiya Vaishnavism tradition, that grew in Gauda region of India in and near modern West Bengal, after it became the seat of Muslim power and Krishna devotees were forced into the service of Muslim officials. It was the view of Chaitanya and his disciples that chanting the name God's name (s) loudly would be most effective to obtain salvation and such a practice results in purifying the heart of both reciter and the listener, results in receiving the "love of God". Hence, the story of the Hare Krishna Mahamantra and how it was created is described here. Naasya vidhirasti! It was popularized by one of the Bhakti movement leaders Chaitanya Mahaprabhu in the 16th century. The sixteen mantras that Narada was advised to recite by Brahma relate to jiva the immortal soul which has sixteen kalas. These sixteen names to be chanted are as:[2].mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, Hare Rama Hare Rama , Rama Rama Hare HareHare Krishna Hare Krishna , Krishna Krishna Hare Hare. [23][25] The mantra of the Upanishad thus helped bring Bhaktivedanta and ISKCON ideas into the West. However, an administrator is needed to move the page over the redirect. Devotees singing the Hare-Krishna Maha-mantra, in 19th-century Bengal (top) and modern era Russia. கலி ஸந்தரண உபநிஷத். It is reversed in the Hare Krishna Mantra. Kali Santarana Upanishad: An Upanishad from Black Yajurveda which teaches the secret of the holy name of Rama and Krishna | K, Koushik | ISBN: 9798673527382 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. [19], In the biographies of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, a Bhakti movement saint poet, the mantra he received when he was given diksha or initiation in Gaya was the maha-mantra of the Kali-Santarana Upanishad. However, Narada who is the arbitrator of the laws of karma (all deeds) he himself approaches Brahma seeking redress to all the ills of this epoch. The modern era Kali-Santarana Upanishad is the earliest known Hindu text where this widely known mantra appears. It is a minor Upanishad of Hinduism. In Gaudiya tradition, he is credited to have propagated it to the world along with Krishna bhakti. [17], The 16th-century text Harinamarthah-ratna-dipika by Raghunatha dasa Goswami, gives the meaning of the maha-mantra where it is said that whenever Radha remembered Krishna and felt like being with him she chanted the maha-mantra; this made her feel closer to Krishna at the utterance of each syllable of the mantra. Hare Rama Hare Rama, Rama Rama Hare Hare Note: Some versions of the Kali Santarana Upanishad give the mantra with Hare Rama preceding Hare Krishna and others with Hare Krishna preceding Hare Rama. According to the 'Kali-Santarana-Upanishad', the Mahamantra is mentioned as : Hare Rama Hare Rama..Hare Hare/ Hare KrishNa Hare KrishNa.. 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[21], “Nama Dwaar” is an initiative undertaken by the devotees of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu Nama Bhiksha Kendra, with the blessings of Sri Sri Muralidhara Swamiji, aimed at propagation of Nama Sankirtan of the Maha Mantra as the universal means of bringing about peace, prosperity and the feeling of universal brotherhood and providing material and spiritual upliftment to humanity at large. Apart from this Upanishad, chanting of this mantra has also been prescribed in Puranas such as Brahmananda Purana, the Agni Purana and so forth. Es erschien erstmals in der Kali-Santarana Upanishad und gewann seit dem 15. [9], The three unique words in the maha-mantra found in Kali-Santarana Upanishad represent the three deities, and paintings of their love filled legends, found in Gaudiya Vaishnavism temples. The Kali-Santarana Upanishad (Sanskrit: कलिसन्तरणोपनिषद्, IAST: Kali-Saṇṭāraṇa Upaniṣad), also called Kalisantaraṇopaniṣad, is a Sanskrit text. The word Hare, meaning "O Harā" (the feminine counterpart to Vishnu, sometimes known as Hara), is repeated eight times, while the other two names are Hindu gods and are each repeated four times (or two forms of Vishnu, who is then invoked eight times as well). Kenneth Womack (2009), The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles, Cambridge University Press, "Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit", A sound recording of the Maha-mantra in Kali Santarana Upanishad, Kali Santarana Upanishad,Translation and commentary by Swami Gaurangapada, Kalisantaranaopanishad, Sanskrit Rendition, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kali-Saṇṭāraṇa_Upaniṣad&oldid=1001202362, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 January 2021, at 18:06. [3], In the anthology of 108 Upanishads of the Muktika canon, narrated by Rama to Hanuman, the Kali-Santarana Upanishad is listed at number 103.The Upanishad is not in the anthology of 52 popular Upanishads in north India by Colebrooke, nor is it found in the Bibliotheca Indica anthology of popular Upanishads in south India by Narayana. The Maha-mantra enunciated in this Upanishad is world-famous through the Hare Krishna (ISKCON) movement. 'Kali-Santarana Upanishad' means to 'approach or set about crossing over quarrel, discord, and strife': The text is one of the Vaishnava Upanishads,[8] completed before about 1500 CE,[9] and comprises two verses called the Maha-mantra. The Hare Krishna Mahamantra, in a modified version, is found in the Kali Santarana Upanishad. The full Sanskrit text and English transliteration is provided along with English translation and the rules and regulations for chanting as described by Brahma to Narada - essentially there are no rules or regulations! The Hare Krishna Mahamantra, in a modified version, is found in the Kali Santarana Upanishad. [18], The Maha-mantra of the Upanishad is part of the Gaudiya tradition legends, and the chant that was used to deconvert Muslims and initiate them to Vaishnavism in Bengal. The Hare Krishna mantra, also referred to reverentially as the Mahā-mantra ("Great Mantra"), is a 16-word Vaishnava mantra which is mentioned in the Kali-Santarana Upanishad and which from the 15th century rose to importance in the Bhakti movement following the teachings of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. The version in the Kali santarana Upanishad has Hare Rama first, then Hare Krishna. [14] In modern times, Lord Chaitanya who is believed to be the incarnation of Lord Krishna also preached chanting of this mantra with a change so that it can reach the mass public, putting Hare Krishna first and when chanted in a repeat mode, it has Krishna and Rama as starting node. Alanna Kaivalya (2014), Sacred Sound: Discovering the Myth and Meaning of Mantra and Kirtan, New World. It was popularized by one of the Bhakti movement leaders Caitanya Mahaprabhu in the 16th century. Jahrhundert an Bedeutung in der Bhakti-Bewegung, die den Lehren von Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu folgt. The page should be moved to Kali-Santarana Upanishad to remove the dots from the words, and to conform with the spelling of other articles about Upanishad. This video is unavailable. [9] Popular in Gaudiya Vaishnavism denomination of Hinduism, its devotees assert that the effect of reciting this mantra in Kali-Santaraṇa text is to imbue the pleasure principle emanating from the very innermost part of one's being, feel transcendental ecstasy and revive deep consciousness, remembering the love of God, and to getting rid of the harmful influence of the Kali Yuga. Brahma said that by way of taking the name of the supreme Lord Narayana, all the tribulations of Kali yuga will be washed away. It is a common belief that the mantra is equally potent when spoken in either order. Hare Kṛṣṇa Hare Kṛṣṇa Everyone can chant, anytime, anywhere, anyhow and can be absolved of all sins. This at least is the interpretation given in Rupa Goswami's Prathama Chaitanyaashtaka which states that Chaitanya himself had chanted this maha-mantra in a loud voice. Hare Rāma Hare Rāma The Maha-mantra enunciated in this Upanishad is world-famous through the Hare Krishna (ISKCON) movement. The word Hare, or Radha, is repeated eight times in the Kali-Santaraṇa mantra and is a reminder of her love for the divine Krishna. After travelling all over the world, Shrila Narada Muni approached Lord Brahma (his own father … Kṛṣṇa Kṛṣṇa Hare Hare The Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra, also referred to reverentially as the Maha Mantra (“Great Mantra”), is a sixteen-word Vaishnava mantra which first appeared in the Kali-Santarana Upanishad, and which from the 15th century rose to importance in the Bhakti movement following the … Pronunciation of mantra in IPA (Sanskrit): ɦɐreː kr̩ʂɳɐ ɦɐreː kr̩ʂɳɐ [12] The Gaudiya Vaishnava have traditionally asserted that this mantra should be recited audibly because the sound liberates the reciter and the listener. raːmɐ raːmɐ ɦɐreː, Chanting of the sixteen words mantra is asserted by the text to be constantly done by sage Narada, who with his musical instrument tanpura has been doing it for ages. Hence, the story of the Hare Krishna Mahamantra and how it was created is described here. Peter Clarke (2005), Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements, Routledge. Simple! [11] However, some other groups hold the view that chanting should be done silently or muttered in low-volume and would be equally effective. kr̩ʂŋɐ kr̩ʂŋɐ ɦɐreː It is believed that chanting the mantra three crore times ensures liberation. [9], Kali-Santaraṇa Upanishad is particularly revered by Gaudiya Vaishnavas, as the Hare Krishna[20] The eight 'hare' syllables of the maha-mantra reach out to Radha that represents her eight facets of love for Krishna. The Hare Krishna Mahamantra, in a modified version, is found in the Kali Santarana Upanishad. Die Kali-Santaraṇa Upaniṣad oder Kalisantaraṇopaniṣad gehört zum Muktika - Kanon der 108 Upanishaden.. Sie wird dem Krishna Yajurveda zugeordnet. The Myth and meaning of the Supreme Being, `` Krishna '' and `` Rama '' that the is... Sanskrit: कलिसन्तरणोपनिषद्, IAST: Kali-Saṇṭāraṇa Upaniṣad ), Encyclopedia of New Religious,... The earliest known Hindu text where this widely known mantra appears always of... 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