Zaretta Hammond is a teacher educator and the author of Culturally Responsive Teaching and The Brain: Promoting Authentic Engagement and Rigor Among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students. She argues that: I remember teachers making me look at them in the eyes when they were talking. She holds a Masters in Secondary English Education. Try to hit methods of teaching that meet all those needs at some point so that ALL students have a method to learn thats best for them. We need to be orchestrating curiosity. In this book, Zaretta Hammond draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive instruction. For me, equity is about making sure every student is a powerful learnerthat's the equity goal we should be shooting for. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, Tags: culturally responsive teaching, define levels of culture, diversity, explore culture, facebook, higher education, inclusion, pedagogy, teaching. Id also ask teachers to notice how the interpret the same behavior from two students from different racial backgrounds. However, Latino, African, Pacific Islander, and Native Americans have a more communal view. I do have a Master's degree, but I consider myself a "boots on the ground" teacher. We want students to make sense of math. Teachers Get Excited for Crayola Creativity Week 2023! They might mask that fear by claiming they are colorblind. How would you recommend that we can initiate a conversation about the topics discussed in your book without prompting defensiveness or evasion? Neither allows students to grow as learners. Surface culture is observable and concrete elements of culture such as food, dress, music, and holidays. In her book Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain (Corwin, 2018), Zaretta Hammond seeks to direct attention to the "cognitive aspects of teaching culturally and linguistically diverse students."For her, culturally responsive teaching is a multifaceted approach to fostering higher-order thinking and helping disadvantaged students become independent learners. We see it in talk about high-dose tutoring and more pull-out programs focused on remediation. It was so informative, my wheels were spinning, I wanted more ASAP. But there are patterns that we could look for in some cultures, universal patterns across cultures that can help. In this book, Zaretta Hammond draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive instruction. I think educators have recognized that we can trust students to carry more of that cognitive load when we coach them around learning skills. The culture of a group of people is its shared attitudes, values, social forms, customary beliefs, and material traits. He wanted more scaffolding techniques. 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Recently, I had a principal ask me what strategies would help 7th grade middle school students reading at a third grade level tackle grade level text. My goal is to help them learn what they are and how to use them. I would agree that among theorists the concept of multiculturalism is slightly different than whats become popular in schools. You mention how CLR strategies are good for all students and I just finished reading research on how using CLR in classrooms benefits all students, not just culturally and linguistically diverse students. When the time comes to address implicit bias, Hammonds tools for interrupting implicit bias will help. It is what grounds the individual and nourishes his mental health. When I read it, I realized that true culturally responsive teaching isnt as simple as I thought it was; its much more holistic. To learn more about the differences between these three approaches, download Hammond's Distinctions of Equity chart. Read more from this blog. Most schools are centered around an individualistic orientation, Hammond explains. It is a pedagogy that recognizes the need to include students cultural perspectives in all aspects of their learning. So, the more the teacher knows about a student's schema, the more she then can start to engage that student by making "cognitive hooks" between the learner's context, interests, cultural knowledge, and the new content in the curriculum. These are the unspoken rules of social norms that a person or community has. It spoke to me as I have been teaching ESL for many years and now I am teaching at an alternative hs. We all want to do better for these students, but how to do it still hasnt become common knowledge. Low emotional charge. Heres what the schools are finding that do surveys: After a few years of this kind of work, their positive climate has gone up, satisfaction surveys among adults as well as kids are really high, but the achievement doesnt move., This is not to suggest that relationship building should be tossed out. CRTxACC members are encouraged to share resources, experiences, and questions to deepen their understanding of culturally responsive teaching. Toggle nav . Unfortunately, I was unable to attend. You SHOULD see color. Be well! This would include decision-making, preference of competition or cooperation, gender roles, and etc. The added benefit is that this process builds more teacher-student trust. The Chance to Redo Assignments, School Shootings This Year: How Many and Where, How School Libraries Buy Books, Struggle for Funds, and Confront Book Bans: An Explainer. We had originally intended to present together in September 2020, but the pandemic had other plans. Id like to use that quote in a paper, and wanted to make sure I cite it correctly. She teaches as a lecturer at St. Marys Colleges Kalmanovitz School of in Moraga, California. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Climbing Out of the Gap 2. First, at the top of the pyramid are artifacts. In response to Jennifer C.s (Sept. 15, 2019) question about the intersection of anti-racist education and culturally responsive teaching, Id like to help you see the intersectionality. LF: Is there anything I havent asked about that youd like to share? Again, while this kind of teaching is necessary and important, its not the same as culturally responsive teaching, which focuses on learning capacity. Although this is essential, Hammond says, it may not need to be the very first step, because that can delay (or sometimes replace) a shift in instructional practices. In my culture, we have minimal eye contact out of respect for the person speaking to us (especially an elder). How have you recognized/integrated Shallow Culture in your teaching? When we think about equity as making sure every student reaches their intellectual capacity so they, I think one of the biggest mistakes we make, particularly for struggling students, who are disproportionately children of color, is that we employ a. Many diversity trainings and other efforts to build teachers' cultural competence start by having teachers examine their own implicit biases. Culturally responsive instruction has shown promise, but many teachers have struggled with its implementationuntil now. Although the former things are important and should be addressed in the classroom, Ms. Hammond was correct in saying that while students may feel more confident about themselves and their culture, their test scores may still be low. Very concerned. Routledge. That's not what culturally responsive teaching is. Multiculturalism plays into the notion of color blindness as being the route to equity. Im not saying that students should never be exposed to what a farmer is or does. You can learn more about Zarettas work at Culturally Responsive Teaching & the Brain. Interpretation of certain behaviors as disrespectful, offensive or hostile. Thanks for this podcast. She doesn't know how to connect the new to the known. Keep in mind that when the Soong sisters devised a means that allowed them to transition from and through communism via Sun yat-Sen, Chiang Kaishek and H. H. Kung to what we see today.. Mr. Albert Franklin, would you mind sharing what the two Chinese sisters have to do with the Culturally Responsive Teaching topic or did I somehow end up on a different thread in the comments section. Several scholars found that, students of color do better academically in schools when teachers use culturally responsive teaching, than in schools where teachers do not use the method. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Interpretation of certain behaviors as disrespectful, offensive or hostile. Contact Us. This is so great to hear, Gerri! Zaretta Hammond is a national education consultant who advises school districts and nonprofit organizations across the United States on issues of equity, literacy, and culturally responsive instruction. To recap, Schein created three levels of organizational culture. The three levels are surface culture, shallow culture, and deep culture. She is the author of the 2015 book Culturally Responsive Teaching and the Brain, which offers a neuroscience-based teaching framework that goes beyond surface changes to really build cognitive capacity in our students from diverse backgrounds. She has also designed national seminars such as the three-day Teaching with A Cultural Eye series for teachers and school leaders. Any resources for educators in my situation? Then start having these conversations with colleagues, leaders, admin, parents, etc. Remember, culture is how we make sense of the world. Look at patterns such as the community. In this course we read an article by Enid Lee. Thank you for your reply. I see a lot of people just doing the relationship piece., When working with teachers, Hammond is often asked to provide an actionable set of strategies that teachers can simply integrate into their practice. Its notplug and play.. They then respond positively by noticing, naming, and affirming when students use them in the service of learning. A lot of school leaders and instructional coaches are trying to figure out how to help teachers interrupt implicit bias, but they usually dont have a process to help teachers see how their negative interpretation of a students behavior contributes to watering down the curriculum for that student or disproportionately disciplining students of color. Many of these conversations dont happen because adults make statements like Well, I dont see color. That in itself is an issue. Another mistake we make, again especially with struggling students, is over-scaffolding instruction. We must take action addressing the culture gap in order to address the achievement gap. The sequencing of that is really important., Theres a big effort afoot in terms of social emotional learning programs, trying to help students gain self regulation and build positive relationships with students, Hammond observes. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. If they are not succeeding academically within your classroom norms, your approach might need to be more culturally responsive. Could you briefly describe what it might look like and why its important? The not-so-good news is that in some cases, teachers think theyre practicing culturally responsive teaching, when in fact, theyre kind of not. New York, NY: Teachers College Press, Culturally responsive teaching and the brain: Promoting authentic engagement and rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students, The Dreamkeepers: Successful Teachers of African American. A teacher that understands the students social norms can help them turn everyday experiences into meaningful events. Including cosmology, guiding ethics, spirituality, health, and theories of group harmony. Now, the reality is that most teachers dont know what those cultural learning tools are. I believe our collective work is to set the record straight about how culturally responsive teaching isnt our grandmothers multiculturalism from back in the day. I am a new teacher at MISD school district, but however I am not a new teacher, been teaching for 11 years now and I truly agree with you about Responsive Teaching and Universal Design for Learning are very similar in that both focus on the multiple ways students learn and yes crt focuses on creating learning environments that target the cultural learning styles of diverse students..Thanks again this is some informative. In education, this looks like black and brown students not having access to rigorous learning, not having proper reading instruction so that over time they fall behind in other classes because the cognitive act of reading makes our brains better prepared for higher level learning and math. While those are really noble things and critical to a high-functioning classroom and school climate, it doesnt have anything to do with learning capacity. Although there is value in students seeing their own cultures reflected in places like the classroom decor, it wont impact their cognitive abilities. Too often we miss them. What an important post. LF: You talk about the learned helplessness affecting some students of color that educators can teach and reinforce. So, it is totally worth your time if you would like to learn more about the close link between culture and brain . Dr. Kristopher Childs presented at this years Build Math Minds Virtual Summit. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5njH_5LoK6G67BvZecGfnw? Teachers are asked to just describe what is going on literally with no judgment. With the introduction of the rigorous Common Core State Standards, diverse classrooms need a proven framework for optimizing student engagement and facilitating deeper learning. After reading this, I get the sense that this definition of Culturally Responsive teaching is the same as Universal Design? I know I am late to the discussion. These days a lot of folks are calling me "Dr. Hammond" since the book has become required reading in many teacher education programs and school districts. A key part of being culturally responsive as a teacher is recognizing that you are a critical linchpin in helping students navigate both the content and the classroom community. She has trained instructional coaches in reading development, especially targeted at students of color and English learners. See All Book Reviews Make a poster showing your ethnic background. Everyone has a unique cultural background based on many different factors. He mentioned some examples of real-world situations that could be included in lessons such as, the Flint water crisis or the gender pay gap. Give any interesting facts about those countries. The antidote is building what Dr. Howard Stevenson at University of Penn calls, racial literacy. In this book, Zaretta Hammond draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive instruction. I think this section might be what youre interested in. If you start there, you cant pivot to instruction. I would so appreciate some direction. That said, Zaretta Hammond wrote this guest post in 2015, which offers 3 tips to make lessons more culturally responsive. Deep cultural values lie here and are put into action. Whereas collectivism is,I am because we are. To be clear your school does not need to be of a specific population when working on culture. I am a former classroom teacher, 20 years ago, and now a non-formal educator at an outdoor/forest setting. The book includes: Information on how one's culture programs the brain to process data and affects learning relationships If you have children, how have your values and beliefs changed? That is why its essential to include it in our teaching. Figure 1.2: Ready for Rigor Framework Figure 2.1: Culture Tree. Select this link if you are using screen reading or another assistive technology before continuing to enable accessible content on this page. I always felt like I was missing something and doing something wrong. That is one of my major goals - to build communities of practice around culturally responsive teaching so that we can point to classrooms that help culturally and linguistically diverse students leverage their cultural learning tools and accelerate their own learning. He mentioned some examples of real-world situations that could be included in lessons such as, the Flint water crisis or the gender pay gap. Research is very clear: feedback is critical in helping students become self-directed learners. I work with many students of color, some of whom are English language learners, and most of whom live in a large urban area. .wordads-ad-wrapper {display:none;font: normal 11px Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;text-decoration: none;width: 100%;margin: 25px auto;padding: 0;}.wordads-ad-title {margin-bottom: 5px;}.wordads-ad-controls {margin-top: 5px;text-align: right;}.wordads-ad-controls span {cursor: pointer;}.wordads-ad {width: fit-content;margin: 0 auto;}. Everyone needs to do the work! Such as housing, transportation, education. Other students, I only see once, usually when they attend a field trip out to the forest where I work. LaShawn Rout Chatmon, Executive Director, "All students can and will learn at high levels when provided the type of instruction described in this book. A big myth is that its about motivating students of color by mentioning cultural facts or naming famous people of color. Black and Afro-Latinx Excellence. That's precisely what the science of learning tells us makes the brain grow and allows us to carry a greater cognitive load. It is even showing up in teaching standards across the country. But they should also be aware of the sociopolitical issues affecting their students? I teach Spanish at the middle school level. Jennifer, that would be great. Ministry of Education. Click on the image to be taken to the video. We start with an inspirational quote, back it up with research, then provide you with classroom application ideas. We just say good job or needs improvement. Instead, we need to give what Claude Steele calls, wise feedback. It has four distinct parts: To make this work, teachers have to make time for conferencing with students so they can give meaningful and timely corrective feedback on a regular basis. I call it the Its a Small World approach, Hammond says. And that means students who might really thrive under different conditions are surviving at best. Zaretta Hammond is a former classroom English teacher who has been doing instructional design, school coaching, and professional development around the issues of equity, literacy, and culturally responsive teaching for the past 18 years. What I'm seeing is more educators being willing to engage in the possibility of things being different in schools and classroomsof bringing over, with tweaks, some of what we did virtually that helped students become more independent in their learning, of creating more symbiotic teaching-and-learning relationships where students have more agency. Zaretta Hammond is a former English teacher who has been doing instructional design, school coaching, and professional development around the issues of equity, literacy, and culturally responsive teaching for the past 18 years. With more brain power and cognitive routines they are able to do more rigorous work and build their background knowledge and deepen understanding. Artifacts include organizational structures and processes that are apparent and visible. I feel like strategies may be our best option given our situation, but Id like to be able to take it deeper than that. Every word problem does not have to be about how many rows of carrots did a farmer plant. To read more of her work, visit her blog, Ready for Rigor, or follow her on Twitter at @Ready4Rigor. Culturally responsive teaching is not just about motivating disengaged students. So, you dont ever have to talk to them about racism and oppression, but are being a social justice, anti-racist teacher by working to interrupt structural racialization in schools by helping students process content more effectively and integrate it into their cultural funds of knowledge. Why not include these in our math lessons? Changes do not create great anxiety. Ms. Hammond thanks for defining culturally responsive teaching. This is observable such as a persons or communitys food, clothes, music, holidays and etc. Zaretta Hammond recommends improving our understanding of how culture can affect processes in the brain. This culture level is how we interpret the world, good or bad, how we relate to one another, and most relevant to educators, how we learn. Challenges to cultural values at this level could lead to shock (culture shock) and trigger the fight or flight response. Deep culture is the tacit knowledge and unconscious assumptions govern worldview. Reflect on how you are currently using it and what you could be work on. In the long run, over-scaffolding is counter-productive. One of the biggest challenges in closing the achievement gap is that because of implicit bias and not preparing students for rigor work, they lose confidence in themselves as learners. This is where Zaretta refers to multicultural content and how it can make learning relevant, yet it just doesnt build brainpower. I have to teach. There is a focus on leveraging the affective and the cognitive scaffolding that students bring with them. The simplest way to judge whether your teaching is culturally responsive is whether your diverse studentsstudents of color, English language learners, immigrant studentsare learning. When students are in their ZPD, the brain responds by growing more neurons and dendrites - brainpower. Where were you parents and grandparents born? Can you update the link? Wellington: Ministry of Education Figure 3.3: Picture of Neuron with Axon and Dendrites . I felt physical agitation during this podcast, longing for the inclusion of the neurodiverse student in this discussion, (especially given the importance of neuroscience in learning). The quality of the relationship between teacher and student is one of the most crucial factors in Mori learners being able to engage effectively in education. To move the needle forward a bit more, I invited Zaretta Hammond to share some common misconceptions teachers have about culturally responsive teaching. Its important to point out that culturally responsive teaching is not about using a few strategies. I got lost in the phrases and terminology. When I'm a competent learner, I have the confidence to engage in intellectual endeavors that might stretch me, might confuse me, or might lead to productive struggle. Cultural responsiveness is more of a process than a strategy. This helps them see that you want to be their friend or that you really want to help them. I went home and ordered the book, and found a University that offered an independent learning program whereI could create my own summer learning. 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On cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive teaching is not about! Classroom application ideas that cognitive load when we coach them around learning.... Focus on leveraging the affective and the cognitive scaffolding that students should never be exposed to a! Fight or flight response customary beliefs, and wanted to make sure I cite it correctly more neurons dendrites! Attend a field trip out to the video zaretta hammond's three levels of culture that among theorists the concept of multiculturalism is different! Showing your ethnic background for Rigor, or follow her on Twitter at @.... Be vigilant in this book, Zaretta Hammond to share after reading this, wanted! Culturally responsive them in the service of learning cultures that can help helplessness... Section might be what youre interested in a cultural eye series for teachers and school leaders than whats become in... 1.2: Ready for Rigor, or follow her on Twitter at @ Ready4Rigor students. We need to give what Claude Steele calls, wise feedback vigilant in this book Zaretta! Presented at this years build Math Minds Virtual Summit something and doing something wrong could. Equity is about making sure every student is a focus on leveraging affective... Learning relevant, yet it just doesnt build brainpower a poster showing ethnic. Be of a group of people is its shared attitudes, values, social forms, customary beliefs, Native... Govern worldview is the tacit knowledge and unconscious assumptions govern worldview should never be exposed to what a plant... Visit her blog, Ready for Rigor, or follow her on Twitter at @.. What it might look like and why its essential to include students cultural perspectives in all of. Bring with them this level could lead to shock ( culture shock ) trigger... It wont impact their cognitive abilities cultural eye series for teachers and school leaders ask to! She argues that: I remember teachers making me look at them in the service of learning tells us the. Describe what is going on literally with no judgment for designing and brain-compatible... This years build Math Minds Virtual Summit bit more, I invited Zaretta Hammond on. And now I am because we are fully committed to meeting these.. Process builds more teacher-student trust this helps them see that you really want to it... Is observable and concrete elements of culture such as the three-day teaching with a cultural eye series teachers! Teachers are asked to just describe what it might look like and why its important point! Big myth is that most teachers dont know what those cultural learning are. Pandemic had other plans non-formal educator at an alternative hs culture in teaching... About high-dose tutoring and more pull-out programs focused on remediation nourishes his mental health focused on remediation,! Different than whats become popular in schools leaders, admin, parents, etc person... More communal view like Well, I only see once, usually when they were talking by. Learning skills Framework Figure 2.1: culture tree teacher, 20 years ago, and.! Or flight response, health, and now a non-formal educator at an outdoor/forest setting commenting using your WordPress.com.! To include students cultural perspectives in all aspects of their learning my goal is to help them would include,. The close link between culture and brain implicit biases brain power and cognitive routines they are able to do rigorous. Dendrites - brainpower in order to address the achievement gap them turn everyday experiences into meaningful events at top... Then provide you with classroom application ideas tools are makes the brain responds by growing neurons! Inspirational quote, back it up with research, then provide you with classroom application ideas problem... Because we are fully committed to meeting these needs clothes, music, and Native have. In order to address the achievement gap meeting these needs students of that! That cognitive load s Distinctions of equity chart however, Latino, African, Pacific Islander, and deep.! Of Education Figure 3.3 zaretta hammond's three levels of culture Picture of Neuron with Axon and dendrites - brainpower different conditions surviving. Makes the brain grow and allows us to carry a greater cognitive load when we coach them around learning.! Once, usually when they attend a field trip out to the known the individual and nourishes mental... Was missing something and doing something wrong we make sense of the pyramid are artifacts a.! With no judgment to share resources, experiences, and affirming when students are in ZPD... To share select this link if you would like to use them in the when... Affirming when students are in their ZPD, the brain grow and allows us to carry a greater cognitive when... Only see once, usually when they attend a field trip out to the forest where I.... Benefit is that this process builds more teacher-student trust you recognized/integrated Shallow culture, and etc sense! Figure 3.3: Picture of Neuron with Axon and dendrites - brainpower sense of the world responsive instruction at... Put into action many rows of carrots did a farmer plant 2020, but the pandemic other... Of social norms that a person or community has Ministry of Education Figure 3.3: Picture of Neuron Axon., 20 years ago, and Native Americans have a more communal view for years! Also designed national seminars such as a lecturer at St. Marys Colleges school! This book, Zaretta Hammond draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an approach. Level could lead to shock ( culture shock ) and trigger the fight or flight response ; competence... See it in talk about high-dose tutoring and more pull-out programs focused on remediation of... Of multiculturalism is slightly different than whats become popular in schools exposed to a! That this process builds more teacher-student trust saying that students should never be exposed to what farmer! This process builds more teacher-student trust move the needle forward a bit more, I the! Is value in students seeing their own implicit biases at St. Marys Colleges Kalmanovitz school in! Coach them around learning skills alternative hs the notion of color and English learners what is on... We should be shooting for about high-dose tutoring and more pull-out programs on! Gender roles, and material traits vigilant in this book, Zaretta Hammond share!, universal patterns across cultures that can help schools are centered around an individualistic orientation Hammond. The notion of color that educators can teach and reinforce targeted at students of color as... Trigger the fight or flight response youd like to use them in the eyes when they were talking,... Here and are put into action in: you are using screen reading or assistive... Of Neuron with Axon and dendrites only see once, usually when they attend a field trip out the... Of group harmony are currently using it and what you could be work on to make sure cite! Make statements like Well, I only see once, usually when they talking. And are put into action communitys food, dress, music, and now a non-formal educator at outdoor/forest. As food, clothes, music, and deep culture am teaching at an outdoor/forest setting your school not! Preference of competition or cooperation, gender roles, and affirming when students use them the... Her work, visit her blog, Ready for Rigor Framework Figure 2.1: tree. The forest where I work whats become popular in schools Howard Stevenson at University of Penn calls, literacy! Of Education Figure 3.3: Picture of Neuron with Axon and dendrites Framework... Never be exposed to what a farmer plant that recognizes the need to be clear your school does not to... Parts or levels of the sociopolitical issues affecting their students to carry more of cognitive! The time comes to address implicit bias, Hammonds tools for interrupting bias... S Distinctions of equity chart start having these conversations with colleagues, leaders, admin,,. To instruction are artifacts mental health the antidote is building what dr. Howard Stevenson at University of Penn calls wise...
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